Library

Everything worth reading about AI and human control. In one place.

Research papers, investigations, explainers, videos, laws and the organizations doing the work, from people who are alarmed and people who are skeptical. New additions are checked by two people before they are listed. The launch collection was compiled with the help of AI research assistants, and every link was opened and checked on 22 September 2026.

4 works on “How does AI actually work?” · Article · clear filters

EssentialArticleJul 27, 2023For the curious

Large language models, explained with a minimum of math and jargon

Timothy B. Lee and Sean Trott · Understanding AI · understandingai.org

A clear written explainer of how LLMs turn words into lists of numbers, pass them through attention and feed-forward layers, and learn by predicting the next word across huge amounts of text.

ArticleJan 12, 2026For everyone

Meet the new biologists treating LLMs like aliens

Will Douglas Heaven · MIT Technology Review · technologyreview.com

A general-audience feature on researchers who study AI models like unfamiliar organisms, using interpretability and chain-of-thought monitoring, and on how much about them remains unknown.

ArticleMar 27, 2025For the curious

Tracing the thoughts of a large language model

Anthropic · anthropic.com

Researchers look inside the Claude model and find it plans rhyming words ahead, shares concepts across languages, and can offer plausible reasoning that is not how it actually reached an answer.

Worth knowing: Research by the model's own developer; the authors say their tools capture only a fraction of the model's computation.

ArticleDec 19, 2024For the curious

Building effective agents

Erik Schluntz and Barry Zhang · Anthropic · anthropic.com

Explains what AI 'agents' are (models that choose their own steps and use tools in a loop), how they differ from fixed workflows, and why their autonomy brings higher costs and compounding errors.

Worth knowing: Written for developers by an AI company.